Victorian community Essay Example For Students

Victorian community Essay The spirits appearance in Stave two is also relevant to Scrooge, as it symbolises what he is, was, or will become. Dickens implements this symbolism with the quotation, From its head there sprang a huge bright light. This symbolises the opposite of how Scrooge currently is. The bright light is reminiscent of warmth and enlightenment, which is what Scrooge is hoping to achieve, and opposes what he is currently. The light could also symbolise the fact that the spirit is showing him the way to enlightenment, like a torch. Another relevant factor is that Dickens wrote the spirit as being a strange figure, like a child; yet not so much like a child as an old man. In this quotation, it is of importance that Dickens described the ghost as child like. This is because of the numerous qualities associated with a child, such as delight and unawareness of the future. Because of these qualities, a child is able to live in and enjoy the present, which is a part of being enlightened and achieving full understanding. The quotation also compares the spirit to an old man. This could possibly be a representation of peace, which is associated with many elder people. We will write a custom essay on Victorian community specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Later in Stave three, Scrooge and the reader meets the Cratchits. There are numerous reasons for Dickens doing this. Firstly, he may have wanted the reader to connect with lower class families. To back up this idea is the quotation A merry Christmas to us all, my dears. God bless us! This reference shows that throughout the stave, the Cratchits are generally jolly and thankful. This would be very useful for getting the reader to connect with the Cratchits. The most relevant section of this quotation is the part where Bob says God bless us. This would have been crucial to get the Victorian community on the side of the Cratchits, due to how extremely religious most people were. This helps to prove that the Cratchits were religious because the quotation hints that they have trust and faith in God. Also, Bob wishing his family a merry Christmas helps to portray the family as warm, which again helps the reader to connect with them. He also may have implemented the meeting to help Scrooge connect with the poorer families. Charles Dickens would have wanted to do this because one of the worst attributes of Scrooges personality was his immense dislike of the poor. This section of Stave three therefore becomes one of the most important parts of the book, because it is here that Scrooges attitude to the poor changes. Mr Dickens showed this when the spirit directed Scrooges earlier words back at him in his reply to whether Tiny Tim will live. If he be like to die, hed better do it, and decrease the surplus population. Scrooge reacts to this by hanging his head and becoming overcome with penitence and grief. This shows that Scrooges attitude to the poor has changed purely because he was curious as to whether Tim would survive. This is strengthened when he shows grief and remorse at the spirits answer. There are various reasons for the spirit to quote Scrooges own words to answer the question. Firstly, it would have had a large impact on Ebenezer, forcing him to realise the extent of his cruelty in lack of enlightenment. It also makes him regretful of his previous actions and attitude, which furthermore helps him to change. At the end of the Stave, the spirit shows him the children want and greed. The two children are described as yellow, meagre, scowling, wolfish and prostate. .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 , .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .postImageUrl , .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 , .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5:hover , .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5:visited , .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5:active { border:0!important; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5:active , .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5 .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub1d13633663a85929cffae100330b7e5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Divisibility Argument Essay This is an extremely important part of the book, as this is where Scrooge is truly terrified into changing his main flaws. The spirit tells him to beware most of all the boy, for on his brow I see that written which is doom, unless the writing be erased. This frightens Scrooge greatly. His largest problem is that of ignorance, which is what the boy represents. And it is the boy that the spirit says will cause doom. By this he means that it is ignorance that will force Scrooges spirit to wonder the Earth forever, much like Marleys. This is the exact fate Scrooge is trying to avoid, so it is crucial that he avoids ignorance. While the Spirit and Ebenezer discuss the children, the spirit again directs Scrooges words back at him. He answers Are there no prisons? Are there no workhouses? This helps to show that Scrooge has at least slightly changed, because he bothers to ask whether or not the children have any refuge or resource. This shows that he is now beginning to care for other people, and not just himself. This actual quotation is said by the Spirit to make Scrooge horrified at him being so cold, that before he would have denied Children shelter. In Stave three, the Ghost looks very different to that in Stave two. Whereas the first ghost was described as having a childs proportions, The Ghost of Christmas present is said to be a giant. This gain in size from the first ghost could possibly symbolise that the present is more important then the past. Another vital feature of this spirits appearance is how quickly it ages. Its hair was grey. There may be many meanings behind this. Firstly, it could interpreted as a sign that Scrooges life is running out. There is more evidence for this in Stave four. It also could again be seen to symbolise that Scrooge must live in the present. This would make sense as this is one of the things he must do to avoid his fate. There is more evidence for this in the next Stave, which will be analysed later. In the fourth Stave, Scrooge realises the truth about himself, in different ways. Firstly, he realises the true extent of his unpopularity when he dies and no one cares, and those that do care think that its a good thing. When they are discussing the funeral for Scrooge, Dickens writes I dont know of anybody going to it. Suppose we make up a party, and volunteer? Another person replies, I dont mind going if a lunch is provided. The most important thing about this quotation is how Scrooge fails to realise that these people are talking about him. This is a theme throughout the first part of the stave, and shows that he is not yet enlightened. In this actual quotation, the first speaker says that he doesnt know of anybody going to the funeral. This makes Scrooge look extremely unpopular because during his entire lifetime he has had an impact on no one. The second person makes him look even less popular because he says that he will go if a lunch is provided. In saying this he is effectively stating that, to him, lunch is more important than Scrooge. He also still doesnt say that hed like to go, merely that he wouldnt mind going. Eventually Scrooge does realise that the unbothered conversations are about. He tells the Ghost of Christmas to become, Spirit, the case of this unhappy man might be my own. Despite this showing that Scrooge has at least partially realised how unpopular he was, it also demonstrates that he is not yet completely enlightened. This is because he says the dead man might be him, and doesnt say for certain that it is. When he realised that he has died, and died horribly, Scrooges language changes significantly. .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 , .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .postImageUrl , .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 , .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3:hover , .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3:visited , .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3:active { border:0!important; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3:active , .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3 .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc30b037ab3cce2b81073610795b8bfd3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The : Parents Of Serial Killers EssayA good example of this change is Good Spirit, your nature intercedes for me, and pities me. When he says that the nature of the spirit intercedes for him, he is saying that the spirits nature pleads for him. In saying this, he is showing that he is no longer scared or intimidated by the ghost, and instead has accepted the fact that what it is doing is on his behalf. This also applies when he gets its attention by calling it good spirit. This is one way that his language has changed. Also, his language has changed in the way that he has become more polite. Before he fully realised it was he who had died he had said to the spirit, Are these the shadows of things that Will be, or the shadows of things that May be? In this reference he does not bother to politely address the spirit before speaking to him. He also does not say please, which he does say with questions after he has seen the grave. This provides a sign that he has gained more respect for others. In the final Stave, Scrooge is fully transformed. He is no longer miserly, and seems exceedingly generous. He tells Bob Cratchit that therefore, Im about to raise your salary, and endeavour to assist your struggling family. Apart from this quotation showing that he now at least partially appreciates the work Bob puts in to his job (to the extent he raises his salary,) this sentence shows that Scrooge is no longer miserly. Firstly, he earlier said that time is money, and here is not only offering money to the Cratchits, he is also offering them his time. This shows that he is not miserly and in more ways then one he is now generous. To go with this, he now is caring for the poor, which helps to show that he is no longer a misanthrope in his actions and attitude. His sense of humour has also been overhauled. He now doesnt make cruel jokes to heighten his opinion of himself, instead he is seen making jokes for the pleasure of other people. An example of this is when the boy delivers the turkey, he exclaims that Why, its impossible to carry that to Camden Town, you must have a cab. Following this he chuckles, which again shows how his attitude has improved. To conclude, Scrooge changed significantly throughout the story. Whereas at the start of the story Ebenezer was a miserly loner, by Stave five he was very different. Instead of being miserly and preferring to keep himself to himself, he instead is very outgoing, trying to help other people in any way he can. Arguably more importantly, he tries to make friends with everyone he meets, and is pleasant to everyone. I think that Dickens had numerous different reasons for writing the novel. Firstly, he may have wanted the more wealthy readers of his book to be aware of how the poor lived, thus urging them to donate to them. He also may have written it to show the evolving society that the most important principles are still family and friends.

Freedom of Religion in the U.S

Freedom of Religion in the U.S Introduction Religious disagreements have often been the cause of discord, violence, and hatred in many parts of the world. In the U.S. during the colonial times, religious differences were the cause of religious conflicts and persecutions before the founders of the US undertook to work together to protect religious freedom and end persecutions and religious intolerance (Gunn 189).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom of Religion in the U.S specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The new religious pluralism, in the American context, guarantees religious tolerance and religious freedom, which has transformed the religious landscape to allow the coexistence of many religious standpoints. Unlike in the past, the religious pluralism allows the interaction of multiple religious traditions within the state and the civil society. However, despite this remarkable success, currently, religious confrontations often arise over many issues of religious faith. In particular, issues of creationism and evolution raise religious disputes, which are increasingly growing more intense. At the same time, the U.S. promotes religious liberty and pluralism as one of the cornerstones of democracy in the rest of the world. However, in the US, politics, law, and religion often generate disagreements and divergent religious views whereby, divisive politics on a number of religious issues threatens the commitment to religious freedom. Religious Freedom in America Despite some episodes of religious intolerance in the past, the US has made considerable progress in promoting religious freedom. The Constitution and the Bill of Rights purposely aimed at protecting individual right of worship and religious freedom. In particular, the framers of the constitution included three distinct commitments to religious liberty viz. the religious oaths to public office, prohibitions to freedom of worship, and legislations against the establis hment of religious facilities were declared against the constitution (Gunn 197). From the colonial era dominated by Protestant pluralism, the US presently allows the expression of almost all world religious faiths. This step presents a significant stride in promoting religious pluralism and encouraging religious tolerance.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the US, many people do not profess any religious faith and they include the secularists, humanists, and atheists. Since the constitution offers no religious preference or any state religion, in the American context, religious freedom implies the religious liberty for all citizens including the non-believers. Religious liberty encompasses three principles: firstly, religious liberty is an individual right that transcends the state power (Gunn 201). Secondly, religious liberty, according to the constitution, confer s freedom of conscience to people of all faiths. Lastly, religious liberty means the right to practice a given religious faith or no religion at all without government interference. Thus, in the US, religious freedom allows all individuals to profess any religious beliefs or no religion without any state control. The Religious Landscape in America The freedom of religion as embedded in the constitution did not aim at preventing religious beliefs or institutions from participating in public life. In effect, the disestablishment resulted to less or no state interference in religion. Additionally, the freedom of religion provisions in the constitution barred any religion from becoming a state religion. As a result, many religious faiths play a vital role in shaping public policy and public life. The need to separate religion from the state was meant to prevent the government from being biased in the denominational competitions. Additionally, the religious freedom has significantly shap ed the religious landscape in the US. Religious tolerance among the Catholic, Jewish, the dominant Protestant, and other religions coupled with low cases of religious violence or turmoil are the results of the freedom of religion. In recent times, the denominational rivalries have declined giving rise to religious interest groups that go beyond religious boundaries. Religious views tend to reflect perspectives within and across denominations (Castelli 324). Commonly, religious opinions to controversial issues involve the religious versus the secular, or the conservative versus the liberal, which reflects a considerable change in religious boundaries and alliances (Castelli 327). Currently, unlike in the past, most disputes in the US involve competition amongst various religious interest groups but not conflicts. Threats to Freedom of Religion Considerable progress has been made in many religious settings following the articulation of the freedom of religion in the constitution. Amer icans are more tolerant to religious views and appear to transcend religious prejudices.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom of Religion in the U.S specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, angry confrontations over issues touching on religious faiths threaten the religious liberty that is so celebrated in the US. In particular, issues about public financing of religious projects such as schools, the Ten Commandment monuments, taxation as well as the use of the name of God when swearing allegiance to public office threaten this religious freedom (Sullivan 80). Religious disputes are also apparent in the public education system over teaching of controversial topics such as evolution and creationism. Religious divisions on other controversial issues including euthanasia, gay rights, abortion, and stem-cell research are apparent in the US. At the same time, the U.S. promotes religious freedom as a â€Å"universal human right† internationally. Through the International Religious Freedom Act (IRF) of 1998, the U.S. offers multilateral assistance to countries to promote religious freedom as one of the cornerstones of democratic development (Sullivan 81). It also sets out various initiatives to prevent violations of religious freedom by countries and promote religious tolerance. Conclusion Religious freedom is a right conferred upon Americans by the constitution and the Bill of Rights. Though much success has been achieved including religious tolerance and coexistence, religious disagreements often arise on a number of controversial issues. Internationally, the U.S, through the IRF Act, promotes religious freedom as a way of enhancing democracy. However, locally, the interaction between politics and the state as well as religious disagreements on many issues threaten the religious freedom. Castelli, Allen. Praying for the Persecuted Church: US Christian Activism in the Global Arena. Journ al of Human Rights 4.3 (2005): 321-331. Gunn, Jeremy. The Complexity of Religion and the Definition of ―Religion in International Law. Harvard Human Rights Journal 16.4 (2003): 189-205. Sullivan, Winifred. The Impossibility of Religious Freedom. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2005.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

How to Get Your PSAT Score Report

How to Get Your PSAT Score Report SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips How do you get your PSAT score report? Can you view it online? The PSAT score report works a bit differently than your typical SAT or ACT report. We will walk through how to get your report and what to do once you have it. When Do PSAT Scores Come Out? How Will I Get My Report? PSAT results from 2018 will be available online in December of 2019. You'll be able to see your scores online through your College Board account. (If you haven't made one already, you can register for a College Board account here. You'll use this account to sign up for the SAT and SAT Subject Tests, and you'll receive your AP Scores here too.) If you don't have a College Board account or have trouble accessing your scores, your guidance counselor can give you an access code for your online PSAT score report. Also, you should receive an old-fashioned paper score report at school by the end of January. What's on the PSAT Score Report? Your score report includes your overall composite score, as well as your score on each section (Reading, Writing and Language, and Math). The score reports have an extremely detailed breakdown of your strengths and weaknesses. There are also percentile rankings to see where you stand compared to students nationwide, both overall and for specific skills. You're also provided witha personalized SAT Study Plan based on questions you answered incorrectly or omitted on the PSAT. You can review those questions and then access other SAT practice questions to help you prepare for the SAT. There is also a personality profiler to help match you up with college majors and careers, and a feature that matches you with colleges you may be interested in, based on your potential SAT scores and your desired college location and size. The main benefit of the more detailed analysis of your results is access topersonalized SAT study on the Khan Academy website. This includes targeted practice based on your weaker areas. Finally, there's a feature that predicts AP courses you may do well in based on your results. This might be handy, but we recommend mainly using the PSAT report to get ready for the SAT. If your report encourages you to sign up for an AP class you were already considering, go for it! But you should base your AP course load on other factors, including colleges you want to get into and your own personal interests and strengths. What’s the Best Way to Use the Report? We have a more detailed post on how to interpret and use your PSAT scores, but these are the basic principles of getting the most out of your PSAT score report. P is for Practice PSAT stands for Practice SAT, and that’s really how you should consider your scores. The PSAT was just your first attempt at the SAT. Don't assume your scores are a perfect prediction of your future SAT scores. They're not. However, they can give you insight into your strengths and weaknesses, which is very helpful as you begin to study for the real SAT. Also, you should mainly use your PSAT results to help you study for the SAT. The AP prediction feature College Board is adding is cool, but don’t let that rule how you create your schedule. AP tests are very different than general achievement tests like the SAT, so you should think about them separately. Bottom line? Use your PSAT results to help you prepare for the SAT (or your junior year PSAT, if you’re going for National Merit). Don't Stress Over a Low Score Don’t be stressed if you think your score is low – colleges will not see your PSAT scores. They will see your SAT score (if you take it instead of the ACT, that is), so focus on using the PSAT score report as a study guide for the SAT. Don't waste time moping over a low score. Since taking the PSAT already gives you lots of data on your strengths and weaknesses when it comes to the test, it will be easier to jump into SAT studying. If you have work to do in all areas, you could start by getting a quality, all-around prep book or checking out SAT study websites. If you really struggled in one subject, for example math, it’s not too early to seek out specific resources like prep books for math. Also, if you took the PSAT as a sophomore and you’re hoping to qualify for National Merit junior year, you can use SAT study materials to prepare for the PSAT. The stresswill fade eventually. Don't Let a Great Score Go To Your Head If you happened to get an excellent score on the PSAT, don’t assume you don’t have to study for the SAT – the SAT is more difficult than the PSAT. It’s longer, contains harder questions, and, if you choose to take the SAT with Writing, contains an additional essay. A high PSAT score is encouraging, but a high score on a real SAT practice test would be even better. Be prepared to put in some time studying for the SAT to get a score as high as your predicted PSAT score. What’s Next? Read more about the PSAT scores you need to qualify for National Merit, and how to get the scholarship. Wondering what content differences there are between the PSAT and SAT? Learn more about how the two tests compare to one another here. What would it take to get a perfect SAT score? Read a guide by our resident perfect scorer to find out. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Halle Edwards About the Author Halle Edwards graduated from Stanford University with honors. In high school, she earned 99th percentile ACT scores as well as 99th percentile scores on SAT subject tests. She also took nine AP classes, earning a perfect score of 5 on seven AP tests. As a graduate of a large public high school who tackled the college admission process largely on her own, she is passionate about helping high school students from different backgrounds get the knowledge they need to be successful in the college admissions process. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Engaging Communication Technologies of the 1950s Assignment - 1

Engaging Communication Technologies of the 1950s - Assignment Example Moreover, the advent of digital media has brought the conditions of the old technologies into relief, making the world more conscious of the media environment (Winston, P. 12). This paper explores the technological advances in the media industry across the world in the 1950s. In particular, the paper discusses how technological changes affected the lives and perceptions of people in different regions of the world, comparing how technology was used then and its modern use. Among the decades of the second half of the 20th Century, perhaps the 1950s was regarded as the most conservative. Nevertheless, it is during the same period that different regions of the world experienced many advances and changes in technologies and their uses. In this regard, a lot changed in the way people carried out their routine activities as work became easier to do. Given that World War II had just ended less than a decade ago and the world had come to appreciate the use of machinery and technology during the war, different governments and individual scientists embarked on developing new technologies in addition to improving on the existing ones (Winston, P. 31). The technologies that people merely anticipated during and before World War II began to become a reality for many of the people, more so in the Western World and some regions of Asia. Among the sectors that benefitted most from the technological developments of the 1950s was the communication and transport sector, particularly the media industry. It is therefore not be realistic and proper to label the 1950s a sleepy or a conservative decade. As far as media technology is concerned, the 1950s was one of the most productive and revolutionary decades. For example, a rapid change was recorded in both television and radio technology and content. In addition, there were developments in the technologies related to newspaper

Rewriting a Disertation proposal Problem Statement Essay

Rewriting a Disertation proposal Problem Statement - Essay Example There have been a number of issues that lead to the marriages breaking up and ending up as divorces. The main question that needs to be answered is the techniques and steps taken by the Christian couples to sustain the long term marriages and the romance in their relationships. The main focus and problem that is aimed at being answered is the issues that the Christian couples have been through and how they navigate out of the issues and form a strong and strong committed relationship. Also another one of the main issues that have been faced in the current times is the weight that people give to various factors like fear, religious duties, companionate love and passionate love and the relationship that these have to the romance that people share with their better half. The reason why love develops between couples can provide a basis upon which continuing appreciation and admiration can support the marriage. The paper provides a clear understanding of the issues that are faced each day and the research brings out how couples have worked through their issues to resolve the problems and sustain their romance in the long term successful

Asymmetric Epoxidation Of Dihydronaphthalene With A Synthesized Jacobs :: essays research papers

Asymmetric Epoxidation of Dihydronaphthalene with a Synthesized Jacobsen's Catalyst Abstract. 1,2 diaminocyclohexane was reacted with L-(+)-tartaric acid to yield (R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane mono-(+)-tartrate salt. The tartrate salt was then reacted with potassium carbonate and 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde to yield (R,R)-N,N'-Bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine, which was then reacted with Mn(OAc)2*4H2O and LiCl to form Jacobsen's catalyst. The synthesized Jacobsen's catalyst was used to catalyze the epoxidation of dihydronaphthalene. The products of this reaction were isolated, and it was found that the product yielded 1,2-epoxydihydronaphthalene as well as naphthalene. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1990, professor E.N. Jacobsen reported that chiral manganese complexes had the ability to catalyze the asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized alkenes, providing enantiomeric excesses that regularly reaching 90% and sometimes exceeding 98% . The chiral manganese complex Jacobsen utilized was [(R,R)-N,N'-Bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2- cyclohexanediaminato-(2-)]-manganese (III) chloride (Jacobsen's Catalyst). (R,R) Jacobsen's Catalyst Jacobsen's catalyst opens up short pathways to enantiomerically pure pharmacological and industrial products via the synthetically versatile epoxy function .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this paper, a synthesis of Jacobsen's catalyst is performed (Scheme 1). The synthesized catalyst is then reacted with an unfunctional alkene (dihydronaphthalene) to form an epoxide that is highly enantiomerically enriched, as well as an oxidized byproduct.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jacobsen's work is important because it presents both a reagent and a method to selectively guide an enantiomeric catalytic reaction of industrial and pharmacological importance. Very few reagents, let alone methods, are known to be able to perform such a function, which indicates the truly groundbreaking importance of Jacobsen's work. Experimental Section   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  General Protocol. 99% L-(+)- Tartaric Acid, ethanol, dihydronaphthalene and glacial acetic acid were obtained from the Aldrich Chemical Company. 1,2 diaminocyclohexane (98% mix of cis/trans isomers) and heptane were obtained from the Acros Chemical Company. Dichloromethane and potassium carbonate were obtained from the EM Science division of EM Industries, Inc. Manganese acetate was obtained from the Matheson, Coleman and Bell Manufacturing Chemists. Lithium chloride was obtained form the JT Baker Chemical Co. Refluxes were carried out using a 100 V heating mantle (Glas-Col Apparatus Co. 100 mL, 90 V) and 130 V Variac (General Radio Company). Vacuum filtrations were performed using a Cole Parmer Instrument Co. Model 7049-00 aspirator pump with a Bà ¼chner funnel. For Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis, precoated Kodak chromatogram sheets (silica gel 13181 with fluorescent indicator) were used in an ethyl acetate/hexane (1:4) eluent. TLC's were visualized using a UVP Inc. Model UVG-11 Mineralight Lamp (Short-wave UV-254 nm, 15 V, 60 Hz, 0.16 A). Masses were taken on a Mettler AE 100. Rotary evaporations were performed on a Bà ¼chi Rotovapor-R. Melting points were determined using a Mel-Temp (Laboratory Devices, USA) equipped with a Fluke 51 digital thermometer (John Fluke Manufacturing Company, Inc.). Optical rotations ([a]D) were measured on a Dr. Steeg and Renter 6mbH, Engel/VTG 10 polarimeter.

Summary Response Essay Instruct

In the article, Blinder cites reliable evidence to successfully argue his opinion that the American education system needs to be revised in order to better prepare workers for employment in the current market. In the first section of the Blinder article, he starts off talking about much education one should accomplish. Blinder states, â€Å"In a progressive society, such as worrisome social phenomenon might elicit some strong policy responses, such as more compensatory education, stepped-up efforts at retraining, reinforcement of the social safety net† (Blinder 9).Americans are shredding the safety net; they keep on taking away reinforcements that help pep the playing field â€Å"fair. † According to Blinder, an effect of this is Social Darwinism, where the work force has become survival of the fittest. Employers are looking for people with a high level of education and good people skills. Having good people means being able to communicate well with others; it is a soft skill you must acquire. Later on in the article, Blinder talks about offspring. In the article he explains that offspring is, â€Å"the movement of jobs overseas† (Blinder 9).Countries with lower wages are taking jobs from Americans. Blinder talks about three reasons why jobs are becoming offshore. The first reason is because of â€Å"simple arithmetic. † The second reason is because of the growth in technology; people are now able to do jobs across seas in an efficient manner. This has a negative effect on American workers, because that means fewer job opportunities. Lastly, the number of workers overseas is growing rapidly, and these workers are willing to work longer hours, for lower pay, with few, if any, benefits. Blinder then goes on to talk about different types of jobs.Next in the article, Blinder discusses the different between personal and impersonal jobs. The higher paying jobs are the personal services that roved a specific service that cannot be provided remotely, like a plumber or a hair stylist, for example. He goes on to talk about how the American system of education is not preparing children the right way in school. Schools have them so focused on studying and memorizing for standardized testing instead of personal people skills. Blinder says how, â€Å"starting in elementary schools, we need to develop our youngsters' imaginations and people skills† (Blinder 12).In the end he talks about education needs to better prepare children for the kinds of personal service jobs that cannot be exported. Blinder did a good job explaining his points about the workforce and about how it is changing. With every problem he presented, he argued and discussed a plan to improve that problem. For example, in relation to the personal service jobs, he wants to start children off earlier with learning people skills. Throughout the article, Blinder did not use any confusing words or ideas; he was straightforward and explained himself. He did e xpress his opinions, but they did not come off too strong or heavy-handed.His opinions are supported with evidence and his article is written professionally, leaving he reader clear about what he was trying to say. I agree with what Blinder is talking about in the article. We need to push kids to get a college degree, not for the quantity of education, but for the quality. In America, we push kids to memorize and pass standardized tests that do not help them prepare for the future. Kids need to be learning how to apply what they learned in the real world and how to use that information to interact with people. The truth is, personal jobs are higher in salary. For example, think about doctors.Many medical specialists are foreign; many alienated individuals come to the United States to take advantage of our excellent programs in higher education and stay in the U. S. For work. While I have no problem with this, I also worry that our early education system is failing students since few er and fewer are achieving the kind of advanced education required to be a medical specialist or something similar. Have never lost a job to someone overseas, but my best friend had to move because her dad's job was offshore and they had to relocate for him to look for work. I want to be a special education teacher, which is a personal service, for now.It scares me with all this growth in technology. Look how many online schools there are now. Will one day in the future there be no teachers, just assignments on a computer screen? We need to learn from the past and use it to prepare for the future in order to be successful in the workplace. What if your job is exported? In the article, â€Å"Will Your Job Be Exported,† by Alan S. Blinder, he discusses how job exportation has become an unfortunate reality for so many Americans. Many people are losing jobs to people from other countries. Americans have to fight to keep personal service jobs versus impersonal services.